Season the chuck roast generously with salt and pepper on all sides.
Heat olive oil in a large Dutch oven over medium-high heat until shimmering.
Sear the roast on all sides until deeply browned, about 4-5 minutes per side.
Remove the roast and set aside. Reduce heat to medium and add onions to the pot, cooking for 3-4 minutes until they begin to soften.
Add garlic and cook until fragrant, about 30 seconds.
Return the roast to the pot and arrange vegetables (carrots, celery, and potatoes) around it.
Pour in beef broth and wine, then add tomato paste, bay leaves, rosemary, and thyme.
Bring to a simmer, then reduce heat to low. Cover and cook for 3 hours, turning the roast halfway through cooking time.
Once the meat is fork-tender, carefully transfer it and vegetables to a serving platter.
Strain the cooking liquid if desired for a smoother sauce.
Whisk flour with 1/4 cup cold water until smooth, then gradually whisk into the simmering liquid.
Cook for 5-7 minutes until the sauce thickens to coat the back of a spoon.
Allow meat to rest for 15 minutes before slicing against the grain.
Serve the sliced pot roast with vegetables and pour the gravy over the top.